The case of Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler, a dreaded figure in the 20th century, was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party, popularly referred to as Nazi party.He was an extreme autocrat and led Germany from 1933 to 1945 both as a chancellor and head of state. Hitler was a veteran of the Second World War. As he rose to absolute power, he gained support by propping up German nationalism, anti-capitalism, anti-communism and anti-semitism using both his alluring oratory and cant.He sparked World War II in Europe when he re-armed Germany and invaded Poland in 1939. Hitler wed his long-time mistress Eva Braun at the fall of Berlin in 1945, but to avoid being captured by the Soviet army, the two committed suicide less than two days later (Joachim, 1974).But his regime has left many unanswered questions, even among psychoanalysts. The extreme heartlessness that marked Nazism and the Holocaust beats not only logic but also human understanding. It remains a puzzl e how Germans collectively went out of their minds under Hitler and perpetrated one of the greatest horrors in history.During the war, Hitler-led Nazi forces engaged in constant cruel acts. This included the systematic murder of up to 17  million civilians, about six million of whom were Jews targeted in the Holocaust. Roman victims are approximated to be up to 1.5 million, while others included the disabled, ethnic Poles, homosexuals, Soviet civilians and Jehovah's Witnesses.But was Hitler in his right senses as he oversaw all this? I believe not so. He is believed to have suffered from a mental disorder, particularly Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).BDP generally involves prolonged disturbance of personality function in persons over the age of 18 years, although it is sometimes found in adolescents. It is typified by depth and inconsistency of moods.It normally involves abnormal levels of instability in mood, black and white thinking, chaotic and unstable interpersonal rela tionships, self-image, identity, and behavior; as well as a regular disturbance in the patient’s sense of self. This disturbance can, in severe cases, lead to periods of dissociation. (American Psychiatric Association, 2001).The disturbances can eventually have an insidious negative impact on much of the psychosocial aspect of life and without proper therapy, self-harming is often an open possibility. (Gunderson, 2001). An insight into Hitler’s life shows a manifestation of the various components of this disorder.This is attributable to claims that he had empty human relations, was inflexible and single-minded, had no human feelings, oversaw malevolent behavior, and eventually committed suicide, among others (Toland: 1991).Emotional torture seems to have been one of the main reasons behind Hitler’s situation, and his subsequent inhumanity. There is a strong correlation between child abuse and development of BDP.   Majority of BPD patients usually have a histor y of abuse and neglect as young children, especially if they were emotionally, physically, verbally, or sexually abused by parents. Loss of a caregiver or loved one could also be a central factor. (Gunderson, 2001).And this could answer the origin of Hitler’s condition. The loss of a younger brother, Edmund, to measles in 1900 caused permanent changes in Hitler. He transformed from a confident, outgoing boy who found school easy, to a depressed, sullen and detached boy who always battled his own father and his teachers.As a child, Hitler’s also suffered abuse that included brutal sadistic beatings as well as constant verbal humiliation by his father Alois Sr. He once even tried to escape from home by constructing a raft with friends, and his father beat him so viciously that the dad even thought he killed his son (Dorpat: 1999).Hitler’s mother was on her part depressed and forlorn about her marriage and felt guilt over her incestuous bond with Alois. She also fa iled to discipline Hitler and contain his tempers.It is this abuse and neglect, and his parents’ emotional withdrawal from him that may possibly have made Hitler suffer from BDP at a tender age. This trauma subsequently left him badly unprepared for social, academic and job-related pursuits. (Waite, Robert, 1993)With BDP deemed to be a result of a problem with emotional dysregulation, experts have even developed Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), a method of cognitive therapy in BPD treatment. Yet, central to the success of this therapy is the conviction that BPD is a biological disorder exemplified by sharp sensitivity to emotion and amplified emotional intensity.Other experts believe that any biological components of BPD are probably related to changes that occur on a biological level as a result of emotional and psychological trauma. (Linehan, 1993).This biological perspective could thus also effectively correlate Hitler’s emotional distress with his disorder. So me existing literature further suggests that traits related to BPD are influenced by genes.People with BPD influenced by genes often have a close relative with the disorder, although Hitler’s father’s brutal treatment of his son does not suffice a conclusion that he suffered from this disorder as well. The diagnosis of this disorder in Hitler could thus explain could strange behavior that was so characteristic of him later in his life.Individuals with BPD are extremely sensitive to the manner in which others treat them and often react strongly to perceived disapproval or hurtfulness. Their self-image can change swiftly from exceedingly positive to extremely negative. They often resort to impulsive behaviors that include drug abuse and general recklessness. And this was characteristic of Hitler.He was addicted to amphetamine after the late summer of 1942. This went in tandem with his sadistic, malevolent, and antisocial behavior clearly depicted in the Holocaust and the World War II. He also showed signs of splitting. He held an image of himself as ostentatious; omnipotent and triumphant on one side and felt inferior, mortified and defeated on the other, making his behavior very erratic. (Dorpat: 1999).It is believed the diagnosis of this disorder accounts for Hitler’s ruthless and destructive personality transformation and lack of human feelings. It also explains the fact that he was distant, self-contained, withdrawn and without friends.The cognitive aspect of BDP is to an extent manifested in the form of quasipsychotic or micropsychotic symptoms among those suffering from this disorder. These symptoms include inner voices telling them to commit suicide, depersonalization and paranoid feelings.This usually prevails in the defeated side of the split and is fanned vulnerability, despair and self hatred. The fact that Hitler went on to commit suicide probably shows a direct manifestation of the cognitive component of BDP. (Heston, 1980).   And these symptoms are often suppressed using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. This form of therapy involves a therapist engaging with a client in a bid to change both behavior and thought patterns.   Hitler was nonetheless never subjected to this therapy.In conclusion, it is evident that BDP took toll on Hitler’s emotions and served as the base for his malevolence and anti-social behavior. The disorder, perhaps coupled with several other mental challenges, resulted in acute psychiatric problems and played a major role in molding his personal; behavior, which depicted a man not in charge of himself.ReferencesAmerican Psychiatric Association. (2001) Journal of Psychiatry.Dorpat,L.Theo, M.D.(1999). Trauma to Malevolence.Cambridge:MIT.Gunderson,G.J (2001). Personality Disorder: Washington:APP.Heston L. Leonard, M.D. (1980). Adolph Hitler:Doctors and Drugs. N.Y.Preston.Joachim, C. (1974). Hitler .NY:PrenticeJohn, T (1991), Adolf Hitler: N.Y:Doubleday.Linehan,M.M (1993). Borderline Personality. N.Y:OUPWaite, R.(1993). Adolf Hitler. N. Y: DaCapo

Language Acquisition and Development

A huge variation in the rate of vocabulary and language development can be observed   in children , and parents/caretakers should not expect all children to develop at the same rate .The development of speech is dependent on the environment that the child is brought up in especially the social interactions the child has with the members of the household. A child who is spoken to often and is exposed to the daily routine of the house/ neighborhood develops its own interpretation and relation between words and actions. Kids typically try to use the type of communication conventional in their community for example a child brought up in a active Spanish household may start waving its arms to communicate before actually forming the words when it sees the people in its orbit doing so. A child brought up in a silent household may not speak early as it has negligible exposure to the use of verbal or non verbal communication. The Motor function development in the child also impacts the rate of speech development. Children who are read to often or encouraged to speak are seen to make better effort at communication rather than those children left to their own devices. It is also found that children of working parents, who are left in day care, adopt the speech mannerisms they are exposed to in the day care center. There are instances when children develop speech when they find they are not getting what they want or need and vice versa. There also needs to be allowances made such as the health of the child and its behavior patterns.   The development of speech is also dependent on the interest displayed by the child in learning and participating in activities like play or reading.   Therefore we can see that children develop at different rates depending on their environment and internal biological development. The exposure that a child is given compounded with the pace of motor functions impact the age of speech for different children. References Wegner, Lynn (2007).Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children: More Answers Are Needed. Pediatrics. 533-534. Nelson, Heidi D., Nygren, Peggy, Walker, Miranda, & Panoscha, Rita (2007). Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children: Systematic Evidence Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Pediatrics, 298-319. Wertsch, James 1985. Vygotsky and the Social Formation of Mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.   

Becoming an Effective Leader Essay

I have so many ideas of what an effective leader should be that I often feel overwhelmed and cannot imagine how I will become the ideal leader that I want to be. There are many effective leadership styles at my work place. I learn from them everyday. I have also read almost all the modules and sometimes I would read articles on leadership out of the magazines. In my research, I have discovered that there are many different styles of leadership and most are effective, if used in the right situation. What I have taught to myself is how to be flexible. Depends on the situations, e.g. when I started at Weber Mfg, I had to deal with employees who have lost their sense of commitment due to many circumstances. Their self-esteem was low and I strongly felt that my 100% support is very important in building their confidence. I needed to let them know when they did a bad job and very importantly when they also did a good job in order to boost their self-esteem. I do believe if an employee’s confidence and self-esteem is increased, their commitment, productivity and morale will definitely get better. Being a supervisor at WML, I feel that not only, do I have to make sure that jobs are done on time with the quality expected. I must also have a caring, respectful and responsible attitude towards to my team players. I need to have a lots of patience, must be very careful how I would approach in the conflict situations. I believe that â€Å"BALANCE† is the key of success to becoming an effective leader. I am glad; my company has given me an opportunity to take the MLCP courses. It definitely helped me to improve my skills and knowledge on Developing and coaching an effective team. I definitely appreciate the privilege.

Obser and inquire Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Obser and inquire - Research Paper Example In this regard, using the observation experience as in input in the current essay, the aim of the discourse is to pursue responding to a developed inquiry that: â€Å"Women in Mainstream American Culture Tend to Take on More Child-Rearing Duties than Men†. Upon closer examination of the points of inquiry, one established the need to delve into further research on the validity of women taking on more child-rearing responsibilities than men. In the working draft written by Robert Max Jackson, a whole chapter devoted to the responsibility for child rearing provided extensive and comprehensive details that aim to address the question: â€Å"why women so regularly contribute most of this effort† (Jackson 126). Although the author ventured into providing theories that explain the disparate role and skewed responsibilities towards women, Jackson concluded his arguments by indicating that â€Å"mens economic position gives them individual competitive advantages and collective power that allow men individually to beat out women in the labor market and collectively to impose institutionalized discrimination† (Jackson 146). It is interesting to note that the theoretical framework to rationalize women’s propensities for child-rearing tasks from Chodorow’s theory, to wit: it "has unquestionably been true that women have had primary responsibility for child care, (and that) women by and large want to mother, and get gratification from their mothering;" and that "women have succeeded at mothering" (Chodorow; cited in Jackson 133). The observation noted at the shopping mall have effectively validated that mothers were more restrictive and verbally reminding their children to stay close and not to wander far. In contrast, fathers were more lax and were self-assured that they could immediately find their wandering children. Using Chodorow’s theory, mothers would not be complacent in their primary responsibility

Importance of joining a national professional nursing organization Assignment

Importance of joining a national professional nursing organization - Assignment Example This organization produces a number of publications in the form of various E-newsletters, HIMSS Books and various journals. The Journal of Healthcare Information Management is one such publication that serves the purpose of providing IT related information to its readers. This organization works to serve humanity by realizing that ambulatory practice is necessary to ensure delivery of accessible, high-quality and cost-effective treatment. Being a not for profit organization, the body engages in ventures that enhances patient care at all levels. Its publications include Care Coordination and Transition Management, Scope & Standards of Practice (Ambulatory & Telehealth) and Core Curriculum for Ambulatory care Nursing. This body takes into consideration the problems of the nursing community as a whole and aims to provide assistance to nearly all the nursing practitioners that reside in the United States. Their publications include Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, which is a scholarly peer review journal. Since occupational health services are extremely important for contribution to the health of workers of industries etc, this body takes into account the problems that are faced by nursing staff that is working in the occupational health. Its journal includes the ‘Workplace Health & Safety

Critical thinking about what conservatives think Essay

Critical thinking about what conservatives think - Essay Example The unifying factor for these morals and politics lies in conservatives’ strong belief, in family values and moral philosophy of thinking. Lakoff argues that conservatives’ conceptualization of the family as the unit of the nation corresponds to the strict father model of parenting. While Romney believes that the government should establish just, and moral laws, he believes that adults should not be dependent on the government. For instance, in his speech on â€Å"A Campion of Free Enterprise†, Romney talks of â€Å"transforming America by restoring the values of economic freedom†. This typifies the essence of conservatives’ moral philosophy. Americans metaphorically link their country to the family unit linking the government to parents and Americans to children. Romney’s speeches exemplify this point as he speaks to issues that affect the family such as morality with regard to selflessness and social behavior; child development and justice. During his, â€Å"A Champion of Free Enterprise† speech of 7th June 2012, Romney criticizes the Obama administration citing, â€Å"I put my trust in the ingenuity and creativity and commitment to hard work of the American people.† This assertion shows Romney’s belief that the family (American people) is the embodiment of the nation. Lakoff’s book exemplifies conservatives’ political philosophy to the nurturant parent technique that requires the parents (government) to protect their children (citizens) to attain their full capacity through tough rules such as tough environmental laws. For instance, Romney is pro-life and a strong opponent of abortion. Lakoff argues that conservatives lay positive emphasis on government spending on military expenses and fixed income tax percentiles. Lakoff further argues that conservatives use peculiar linguistic patterns to refer to issues affecting America (Lakoff 309). For instance, during his â€Å"Freedom

Individual Compensation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Compensation Paper - Essay Example interpersonal relationship, the relational satisfaction will be judged by the individual perception of resource distribution being fair or unfair (Adams, 270)†. The application perspective of the theory says that the employee has certain types of input (time, effort, ability, trust) and produces output (salary, recognition, responsibility, job security) and he compares both on the constant basis to determine the equity between efforts and rewards (Yum and Canary, 390). Russell is a pharmacy professional and works as an administrator of a Health Care Center. He needs to know if he is paid fairly by his organization. In order to answer the question, the paper proceeds with components of his total reward package. Russell enjoys handsome salary and perceives it higher than the one offered in market to other professionals of same cadre. Hence, he can afford standard of living consistent with market pay levels. He is an administrator which shows career progression is provided to him. His base pay level is also the evidence that his organization rewards him for his performance. Russell is also entitled to receive 6 bonus salaries per year (18 in total). It is an opportunity to earn additional direct compensation. This additional compensation is not possible without the effective performance of his team members and achieving organizational goals. Organizations pay salaries out of their revenues and revenues are dependent on the employees’ performance. Russell’s organization promises him for many benefits other than the ones mentioned under the above headings. These benefits win Russell’s loyalty and provide win-win solution for him and his organization. Russell expects his organization to pay him fairly against his time and efforts that he dedicated to the organization. He assumes that the efforts he puts on workplace will lead to good performance and achievement of organizational goals. He is justified to expect reward of his performance and the organization

Sykes Enterprises Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sykes Enterprises - Case Study Example His primary focus has been financial return and he has used finances as the basis for expansion, retraction and other strategies. However, it is necessary for the top management to reconsider some of the strategies from a financial point-of-view so that it can streamline its current operations. It may not be necessary that a call center should require closure if it is not doing well. There can be consolidation of operations as well as optimization of activities that would result in cost-reduction. Initiative by the top management will be the only reason why call center managers would want to look at their operations and search for cost-minimization strategies. The change should come from the top management to the bottom and this would be the driving factor amongst call center managers for cost reduction. Convergys is the largest market holder in the call center and order processing business. Sykes Enterprises scale of operations is only a fraction of the two market leaders in this business. However, this cannot be attributed to any exceptional strategy on the part of Sykes' competitors. Sykes' aggressive strategy has been in terms of the number of call centers and its cost competitiveness. Sykes Enterprises did not see order processing and bill processing as a major industry and thus its corporate clients were always looking for Sykes when they needed a cost-effective solution. Reliability is one of the key features that is missing from the brand positioning of Sykes in the industry. Thus, Sykes needs to re-consider its position in the industry and work towards improving it from just another low-cost solution to a reliable and smart solutions company - that would work at lower costs not just because of low quality but because it has found the key to strategically reducing costs of its operations. Review of Mission and Objectives Sykes' existing mission and objectives are not very much suited to its operational strategy. Instead of focusing on the low-cost attractions to the corporate world, Sykes should focus on a moderate strategy on using its services and quality of operations as the focal point of attracting corporate customers. It should revise its mission and objectives to incorporate these ideas in its mission and objectives. Further, it should make sure that its strategies reflect this mission. 4.0 Strategic Alternatives and Recommended Strategy Strategic Alternatives It is obvious that Sykes can take more than one action to improve its revenues and build a profitable business. The closure of its operations in India have resulted in consolidation of its costs in the United States. The competitors of Sykes have resorted to opening up call centers in South East Asian nations such as the Philippines to counter the high turnover costs and possible wage rises in Indian cities due to growing economies. It is important for Sykes to focus on its costs and revenues. Sykes needs to increase its revenues and reduce its costs. Sykes can focus on increasing the number of services that it offers from its existing call centers so that the costs of the services do not rise, however, there will be a rise in the revenues for the services. Another recommended

Examine any foreign currency of your choice (preferably from and Research Paper

Examine any foreign currency of your choice (preferably from and emerging market and provide an analysis of that currency agains - Research Paper Example Hence, it can be stated that the movements of exchange rates have vital implications over the national economy including its business cycle, trade and capital flows. Additionally, exchange rate is often regarded as an important factor that influences the foreign economic policy of a country by a large extent (Dua & Ranjan, 2011). The paper intends to identify and analyse the Indian Rupee against the US Dollar over the five years period ending with 2010. Macroeconomic Analysis of the Indian Rupee over the US Dollar Macroeconomic fundamentals play a crucial role in the determination of exchange rate. This particular statement can be well interpreted with reference to the microeconomic context and currency fluctuations witnessed in India in the recent years. India has witnessed enormous volatility in the recent decade which has resulted in constant fluctuation of the Indian Rupee against US Dollar. The fluctuation had been quite apparent during the period of 2005-2010 (Somaiya, 2008). F or instance, during the year 2009, the Indian Rupee reached 48.32 against the US Dollar which was recorded to be the lowest exchange rate against the US Dollar over the five year period ranging from 2005-2010; while, in 2007, the Indian Rupee was identified to be 41.20 which was again observed to be the highest against the US Dollar for the stated five year period (SignalTrend Inc, 2012). Source: (SignalTrend Inc., 2012) Since 1990, India has made several structural reforms with respect to its foreign exchange related affairs. The major objectives of these reforms were fundamentally to enhance the confidence level among the investors and thereby, maintain a degree of domestic competiveness. Contextually, a major reason identifiable behind the appreciation of Indian Rupee against the US Dollar for the period of 2005-2010 illustrates the occurrence to be a consequence of the increase recorded in the capital inflow of the nation. The FDI equity inflow between 2005 and 2010 was identifi ed to be seven times more than the previous five years i.e. 2000-2004 (Rao & Dhar, 2011). During the fiscal years from 2007 to 2008, the currency exchange rates in almost all the emerging markets including India had strengthened against US Dollar. According to the reports on currency and finance during the aforementioned period, The Indian Rupee was appreciated by 10.2 percent as on March 2009. However, it is worth mentioning that Indian currency, in the five years period, has also depreciated dramatically in certain circumstances. After the occurrence of Lehman’s bankruptcy, the Indian Rupee sharply depreciated, reaching the level of 50 INR/US$, in the month of October 2008. The depreciation in Indian Rupee was primarily attributed with the rise in the price of crude petrol and inflationary pressure prevailing within the country. Moreover, the declining exports and continuous outflow of nat6ional income also contributed towards the depreciation of Rupee and appreciation of t he US Dollar (Reserve Bank of India, 2009). It is worth mentioning in this regard that the depreciation of Indian rupee had dramatic impacts upon the economy. Consequently, the depreciation resulted in higher import costs which ultimately lead towards the price rise of import commodities such as crude petrol and i

Hardware Replacement Project Essay Example for Free

Hardware Replacement Project Essay Assignment: 1 Hardware Replacement Project: Hardware Replacement Project: Your Name Instructors Name Date Assignment: 2 The IT- department in implementing a new CRM solution to its corporate offices. The hardware currently in use is out of date and will not support the CRM application. The hardware must replace prior to deployment. How do the five major variables of project management-scope, time, cost, quality, and risk – relate to this scenario? Scope: Defines what work is or is not included in a project. For example, the scope of a Project for a new order processing system might include new modules for inputting orders And transmitting them to production and accounting but not any changes to related accounts Receivable, manufacturing, distribution, or inventory control systems. Project management Defines all the work required to complete a project successfully, and should ensure that the Scopes of a project not expand beyond what was originally intended. Time: Time is the amount of time required to complete the project. Project management Typically establishes the amount of time required to complete major components of a Project. Each of these components is further broken down into activities and tasks. Project Management tries to determine the time required to complete each task and establish a Schedule for completing the work. Cost: Is based on the time to complete a project multiplied by the daily cost of human Resources required completing the project. Information systems project costs also include The cost of hardware, software, and work space. Project management develops a budget for The project and monitors ongoing project expenses. Risk: Refers to potential problems that would threaten the success of a project. These Potential problems might prevent a project from achieving its objectives by increasing time And cost, lowering the quality of project outputs, or preventing the project from being Completed altogether. We discuss the most important risk factors for information systems Projects later in this section. Assignment: 3 What consideration must be applied when selecting projects that deliver the best business value? A project is a planned series of related activities for achieving a specific business objective. Information systems projects include the development of new information systems, Enhancing existing systems, or projects for replacing or upgrading the firm’s information Technology (IT) infrastructure. Project management refers to the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to achieve specific targets within specified budget and time constraints. Project management activities include planning the work, assessing risk, estimating resources required to Accomplish the work, organizing the work, acquiring human and material resources, assigning Tasks, directing activities, controlling project execution, reporting progress, and analyzing the Results. As in other areas of business, project management for information systems must deal With five major variables: scope, time, cost, quality, and risk. What factors that influence project risk? Results of not meeting or achieving the goal the company needs. Some systems development projects are more likely to run into problems or to suffer delays Because they carry a much higher level of risk than others. The level of project risk is Influenced by project size, project structure, and the level of technical expertise of the Information systems staff and project team. The larger the project—as indicated by the What strategies would you recommend for minimizing the projects risks? In a parallel strategy, both the old system and its potential replacement are run Together for a time until everyone is assured that the new one functions correctly. The old System remains available as a backup in case of problems. And the direct cutover strategy Replaces the old system entirely with the new system on an appointed day, carrying the Risk that there is no system to fall back on if problems arise. Minimizing the projects risks would be difficult for me I would really have to hire someone that would be more of a High Tech IT- to be sure that all the risks that may come with adding new software systems would be easy to manage for a lower tech that may be in house of the company, in my opinion when you change the entire systems to be updated there has to be a happy medium. In order to keep all systems functioning the way they need to. Data for any company is very important in keeping it safe from and harm during the new change processing as well. The strategies I would consider would be to make sure that every data within the company had a storage space to keep it in to avoid the risks of losing it, I would also make sure that we would start with a small portion of the updating to make sure that this new operating system would work for the company as well. There are many OS available to bigger company’s and provide very good updates for the company’s new systems that can and do run excellent without having a lot of risk or problems, but it was tested before actually putting in to action and use. This gave the company a better view and was able to train the employees that were going to need to know, fix, and keep the main performance and upkeep of them. Any organization can add a new OS’s, but the key is learning to the best of your ability to make sure that it will keep the company functioning to its best and completing the goals and requirements it needs to keep them in business as well. Also if you keep your organization with the right level of systems updating then you can be sure that you don’t need to hire a High tech IT service to have the up keep kept up and you are more likely to be able to train your existing IT, this will also save costs because you will not need to constantly call the high tech when you encounter a small problem. Keeping the operating system to the level of the project and the risk would most likely be less than having a system that would be overboard to what each company needs.

Alternatives to Proprietary Digital Forensics for SMEs

Alternatives to Proprietary Digital Forensics for SMEs Realistic alternative to expensive  Proprietary Digital Forensics  and Security products for SMEs. Alan David Blais Abstract Organisations have recently developed an awareness about the necessity of having their systems secure and protected from external as well as internal threats. This sudden awareness is believed to be due to recent major events about breaches and security issues faced by many organisations. The consequences of these breaches and security issues had so many negative impacts that it has created a real awareness. Although the UK is among the leading countries in this regard Europe, it still has a long way to go, according to training director for the Sans Securing The Human Program, Lance Spitzner. (Cybersecurity Awareness SANS 2015) Many organisations have already invested very considerable amount of money into making their systems securer while other are still thinking whether investing money in security has a return on investment (ROI) or not. On the other hand, for small and medium enterprises (SME), it is an entirely different story, with the world financial crisis, it is already particularly difficult for SME to survive, and some of them are struggling to keep their companies running and many of them cannot afford the cost for improving the security of their system as it should be. Most of them, try to use short-term fix like cheap firewall and anti-virus, free patches and updates despite knowing that having a single/some layer/s of security is not enough. Some of the SMEs also uses free available tools and applications but most of these tools are specialised in only one aspect of security, thus several different applications are needed to provide better security. It is difficult to manage several different tools and applications at the same time. This projects aims at finding a solution to solve the above mentioned problem by designing a software/platform for managing different tools and applications remotely using the designed software/platform. 1. Background – 2 Pages 1.1 Introduction According to a new study on the main causes of European privacy, breaches come from organisations own errors, insider abuse and other internal mismanagement issues. The director of the study, P. Howard believe that only 41% of the incidents reported are external attacks by hackers and that 57% of the incidents which were caused by administrative error, exposed online, insiders or caused by missing hardware configuration. (Most European Breaches Caused by Organizational Error, Insider Attacks 2015) Based on the above study findings, we can therefore assume that having proper internal security mechanism within an organisation can significantly reduce the number of incidents. Despite knowing that, some organisations are still not improving their security as it should be. The main reason is the cost associated to security; some people at management level still think that investing on security has no direct impact on the main objective of business which is to make profit. It is true that many organisations awareness about security have recently changed due to the consequences of breaches on other organisations but Cyber Security awareness is still in its infancy in most organisations and not all organisations can afford the cost associated to security, Small and medium enterprises are generally not able to afford it. Moreover, much of the software available on the market focus on one particular aspect of security rather than having a single platform that caters for different aspect of security at an affordable price for SMEs. It seems that a growing trend is growing within SMEs, which is the use of open source software (An evaluation of open source software adoption by UK SMEs in the IT industry.) such as Volatility. But even that, it is not an efficient way to manage several applications all at the same time. A possible solution would be to use an application as a platform for using other open source software with the capability of managing all these remotely. This project is about designing that platform to provide incident response, digital forensics, host and network security as well as malware analysis capability. The platform will provide all the above mentioned capability remotely and having a server-client architecture. 1.2 Relevant past and current work Alien Vault has a software which provides a platform to manage different aspect of security all on one platform called Unified Security Management (USM). The software is a commercial one and provides the management of tools which themselves are commercial software whereas this project aims at using available free software and in-house built features to provide a platform for managing different aspects of security at an affordable price. Below is the management features available in Alien Vault USM and other traditional SIEM. As we can see from both screen capture, many traditional SIEM require 3rd party product to provide some features. Below are the security features provided by alien vault. The USM provides a single platform for managing and monitoring different aspect of security. 2. Project Description – 1 Page 2.1 Project Overview This project aims at designing a platform for managing open source and free applications/tools as well as providing in-house built features. The platform will be dealing with different aspect of security such as incident response, digital forensics, host and network security and malware analysis. The digital forensics capability will be the central part of the project from which incident response and malware analysis will be derived from. The host and network security will be on top of the base structure which comprises the three other aspects. The digital forensics and malware analysis can be split further at a high level view as we can see from the diagram to the left side. Live and static forensics for digital forensics on the other hand Static and dynamic analysis for malware analysis. 2.2 Importance of this project Security should be the concern of everybody, SMEs should be given alternative option to expensive security products to enable them to provide more secure services to clients, which in-directly or directly can affects anybody. This project aims at providing a cost effective solution by providing a platform to manage open source tools and application. The main assumption will be, despite knowing that free applications and tools have limitations, it is a better option than having no security at all or limited one due to having a limited budget for security. 2.3 Aims and Objectives It is important in a project to properly design the aims and objectives since it allows the setting up of the directionthe direction in which the project must go through. Objectives allow us to measure and assess the outcome of the project. Please refer to Appendix A for the aims and objectives. 3. Programme and methodology – 3 Pages 3.1 Spiral Methodology The spiral methodology seems to be the best option to suit the project. The spiral methodology as compared to waterfall methodology has the advantage of demonstrating that development projects work best when they are both incremental and iterative, where the development is able to start small and benefit from enlightened trial and error along the way. The spiral methodology reflects the relationship of tasks with rapid prototyping, increased parallelism, and concurrency in designing and building activities. The spiral method should still be planned methodically, with tasks and deliverables identified for each step in the spiral. Throughout the entire project we are going to use the spiral methodology for the design and development of the software/platform. The next part of this section will be the planning of tasks and deliverables as well as expected Milestone. Why do you think the spiral best suits your project? Not the other methodology give concrete examples. 3.2 Project Management 3.2.1 Budget Planning 3.2.1.1 Milestone The table below is just an estimation of how much time each task will take and gives us enough information to plan the project in a more realistic way. Generally tasks will be performed in parallel rather than in a linear way which has its advantages and disadvantage such as time saving and whereby some tasks must be completed prior to some other tasks. 3.2.1.2 Gantt Chart Please find below a Gantt chart representing the planned tasks over the budget allocated to us. 3.3 Project Approach The first part of the project will focus on the literature review where we are going to analyse tools, applications and process/features which are relevant to the project. The next part, we will be talking about why the features/applications/tools might be important for SMEs and their security from a technical and non-technical perspective. The third step will be to developed the features and integrate the tools/applications within the designed platform. The final step will be the testing and documenting of the results obtained and makes sure that the aims and objectives are satisfied. 4. Ethical and Legal Consideration – 1 page Before starting a project, it is crucial to properly understand the internal policies of the organisation you are developing something for and any local laws that might apply to the project. Some features of the project might invade the privacy of the users which in our case will be employees. It is a good practise to have policies about the possibility of company’s resources being monitored and might be investigated without prior notice or user permission but this might not be enough in a trial. One alternative would be to make sure the company where we are going to implement this project displays a well-defined warning banner. Without a banner, the right to investigate or monitor a system used by employees might conflict with user’s expectation of privacy. The EU and its member nations which include UK impose a strict fine for information that crosses national boundaries without the person’s consent. 4.1 Law in UK According to the UK Government’s website (https://www.gov.uk/data-protection-your-business/monitoring-staff-at-work), it is possible for employer to monitor employees at workplace if the below conditions are met: Be clear about the reasons for monitoring staff and the benefits that this will bring. Identify any negative effects the monitoring may have on staff. This is called an impact assessment. Consider whether there are any, less intrusive, alternatives to monitoring. Work out whether the monitoring is justified, taking into account all of the above. Monitoring employees’ activities on a computer system is cover by the data protection act. Data protection law doesnt prevent monitoring in the workplace. However, it does set down rules about the circumstances and the way in which monitoring should be carried out. Based on UK law, it is also for employers to monitor their employees without their consent for specific reasons. (Please refer to Appendix B for the reasons) 4.2 Ethics The question about whether it is ethical to monitor or investigate on employees can be debate on different point of view which can include the privacy of users, the need to protect client’s data, to provide reliable and trustful services to client by minimising the risks of external as well as internal threats such as insiders. But at the end of the day, the majority always win over the minority, what would be more ethical? Monitoring hundreds of employees or having more than one million client’s credit card details unprotected from insiders? 5. Impact 0.5 – 0.75 page 5.1 National Importance Services provided by SMEs such as data storage, client’s data management, POS information management, companies’ secret industrial process and many others will be more secure since the SMEs will improve on their security using a cost saving solution and providing several layers of security. Risks associated to insiders will be minimised. 5.2 Commercial Impact The platform could be sold at an affordable price or via a donation mechanism. The money can then be used for developing new features, improves existing features and provide upgrades. 5.3 Academic Impact This project can provide a platform for further research opportunity such as: Research can be done about why despite knowing that security is crucial still SMEs are not improving their security? Cost associated with security products? The assessment of the impacts on security in general if security products were cheaper and easily available for on SMEs. Does security improved if managed and monitored using a single platform rather than using several different security products (Efficiency and conflict arise when using several security products). References Cyber security awareness still in its infancy, says Sans Institute. 2015.Cyber security awareness still in its infancy, says Sans Institute. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240234932/Cyber-security-awareness-still-in-its-infancy-says-SANS-Institute. [Accessed 18 May 2015]. Information Security Awareness Training | Cybersecurity Awareness | SANS. 2015.Information Security Awareness Training | Cybersecurity Awareness | SANS. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.securingthehuman.org/. [Accessed 18 May 2015]. Study Finds Most European Breaches Caused by Organizational Error, Insider Attacks | The State of Security. 2015.Study Finds Most European Breaches Caused by Organizational Error, Insider Attacks | The State of Security. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.tripwire.com/state-of-security/latest-security-news/study-finds-most-european-breaches-caused-by-organizational-error-insider-attacks/. [Accessed 18 May 2015]. Brunel University Research Archive: An evaluation of open source software adoption by UK SMEs in the IT industry. 2015.Brunel University Research Archive: An evaluation of open source software adoption by UK SMEs in the IT industry. [ONLINE] Available at:http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4509. [Accessed 18 May 2015]. Brian Buffett, UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2014)Factors influencing open source software adoption in public sector national and international statistical organisations, [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/documents/ece/ces/ge.50/2014/Topic_1_UNESCO.pdf [Accessed: 18 May 2015]. SME’s help Governments make huge IT savings. — PretaGov. 2015.SME’s help Governments make huge IT savings. — PretaGov. [ONLINE] Available at:https://www.pretagov.co.uk/news/sme2019s-help-governments-make-huge-it-savings. [Accessed 18 May 2015]. How SMEs can drive growth through new technologies. 2015.How SMEs can drive growth through new technologies. [ONLINE] Available at:http://yourbetterbusiness.co.uk/how-smes-can-drive-growth-through-new-technologies/. [Accessed 18 May 2015]. Unified Security Management (USM) Platform. 2015.Unified Security Management (USM) Platform. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.alienvault.com/products. [Accessed 19 May 2015]. James R. Chapman 1997, Software Development Methodology, Project Management Training. [ONLINE] Available: http://www.hyperthot.com/pm_sdm.htm [Accessed 19 May 2015] NELSON, B., PHILLIPS, A. ET STEUART, C , 2010. Guide to Computer Forensics and Investigations. 4th Edition. Course Technology Data protection and your business GOV.UK. 2015.Data protection and your business GOV.UK. [ONLINE] Available at:https://www.gov.uk/data-protection-your-business/monitoring-staff-at-work. [Accessed 20 May 2015]. Monitoring at work Citizens Advice . 2015.Monitoring at work Citizens Advice. [ONLINE] Available at:https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/work/rights-at-work/monitoring-at-work/. [Accessed 21 May 2015]. Appendix – A A1 Aims of the project Please find below the aims of the project: Provide a cost effective IT Security solution. Provide security in its different aspects all under one platform. Provide remote management capability. A2 Objectives of the project Please find below the objectives of the project: Secure communication between server and clients. Ability to monitor and detect suspected behaviour/activities. Ability to remotely manage clients from server (Platform). Ability to capture relevant information from clients to server for investigation. Ability to provide Confidentiality and integrity on clients. More detailed and technical objectives are to be derived at a later stage of the project, which will in-turn be translated into features that will be provided by the platform. Appendix – B B1 – Reasons for monitoring employees To establish facts which are relevant to the business, to check that procedures are being followed, or to check standards, for example, listening in to phone-calls to assess the quality of your work To prevent or detect crime. To check for unauthorised use of telecommunications systems, such as whether you are using the internet or email for personal use. To make sure electronic systems are operating effectively, for example, to prevent computer viruses entering the system. To check whether a communication you have received, such as an email or phone-call is relevant to the business. In this case, your employer can open up your emails or listen to voice-mails but is not allowed to record your calls. To check calls to confidential help lines. In this case, your employer can listen in, but is not allowed to record these calls in the interests of national security.

The Ethnic Inequalities Faced In Canada Sociology Essay

The Ethnic Inequalities Faced In Canada Sociology Essay Immigration into Canada totally changed the racial diversity of the Canadian population. In their study Gee et al. (2007) noted that since the beginning of European immigration and settlements, the Canadian society has been ordered based on racial and ethnic dimensions. Ethnicity has occupied a central position in Canadians rising inequality (2007:3). John Porter first studied this subject in 1965 and found that entry into the Canadian elite class was racially-ranked and determined by income, ethnic prestige and occupations. His findings found that, British-Canadians topped the group, French-Canadians took second position, and other European-Canadians were third while Blacks and Aboriginals-visible minorities occupied the bottom strata. Economic Inequalities Empirical examples shows that, substantial and convincing studies have been done on ethnically or racially-based economic inequalities in Canada. Well studied areas on this subject include income disparities and inequality in occupations. Gee et al. (2007) summarized the various studies done on this subject. (Reitz and Banerjee 2007) concluded that visible minorities in Canada have higher poverty rates and lower comparable incomes than ethnic Canadians of European origin. Gee et al. (2007) noted that recent studies on ethnic/racial orientations of income inequalities show that, household incomes of Aboriginals and visible minorities are usually low than those of Canadians with a European Origin. This is despite the fact that such studies have been conducted by different researchers at different times and applying different racial classifications and control variables. They further noted that racial disparities in the household incomes of European-Canadians have nearly minimized. Additionally, they also found indications showing that Canadians of southern European origin earn lower incomes than Canadians of British origin, while Canadians of French Origin earned much far better (2007:14). On occupations, (Nakhaie 1997 as cited in Gee et al. 2007:16) found that British-Canadians continue leading the class of Canadian elites, despite the fact that Canadians of other origins have made efforts to join the elite class over the years. Gee et al. (2007) also noted that the correlation between ethnicity/racism and occupation can be studied in two different ways. One way is by establishing whether certain ethnic groups are concentrated in specific occupations (based on division of labor). The other alternative is evaluating the position of racial groups in the Hierarchy or strata of prestigious occupations (2007:17). Applying the first dimension, and using the male gender, studies showed that Aboriginals dominate the construction and building industries representing more than double of the Canadian male populations. They are extremely underrepresented in administrative and management occupations. Their women counterparts are represented in service jobs. They therefore conclude d that, the Canadian labor force is more gendered than ethnically-based. In terms of prestige of occupations, Jewish, British and Chinese Canadians top the hierarchy. Blacks, Greeks, Aboriginals and Portuguese Canadians occupy the lower strata in that order. In the case of the female gender, the picture doesnt change. In this case ethnicity and racism outweighs gender. Employment and Home Ownership Despite the fact that Canada among the first countries to assume multiculturalism as a policy, cases of social discrimination against visible minorities have existed in history. Racial minorities were supposed to perform duties deemed undesirable for the whites. During the construction of the Canadian National Railway, Chinese males were desirable source of cheap labor. After its completion, the Chinese were no longer valuable. A head tax was indeed imposed on Chinese immigrants to Canada (Kendall, Murray, and Linden, 1997). (Li 2000 as cited in Reitz and Banerjee 2007:6) noted that the main economic problem that ethnic minority immigrants face in Canada is securing sufficient employment. This is associated with amicable reasons like, the entry effect-related to immigration problems and adjusting to the new environment (urban settlement), academic qualifications and racism. Ethnic minority immigrants experience more impediments than immigrants of European-origin (Reitz and Banerjee 2007:6) Gee et al. (2007) asserted that findings show that in terms of home ownership, the picture is no different. It reflects the same strata as it is observed in household income levels and occupations. Osberg (2008:33) noted that, despite the fact that much literature has ignored the role of interest rates, wealth distribution, and household incomes of the wealthy and focused on earning trends, Canada now has much information on economic and other social inequalities and broad conclusions are apparent. He concludes that data shows an increase in economic inequality in Canada today. Health Inequalities Better health care is one of the basic needs that all human beings aspire to get any ware in the world. Low household incomes are frequently linked with poor health. Despite intensified research and studies on health inequality in Canada, little attention has been directed at ethno-cultural disparities on health. Gee et al. (2007) looked at both heath care access and health status. However much of the literature that they examined didnt show a direct correlation between ethnicity and health status. In some instances data showed that, some recent immigrants, irregardless of race or ethnic group had better health than their Canadian-born counterparts. This healthy immigrant effect was however associated with the health requirements in the Canadian immigration act that locked out immigrants with chronic health conditions. Their studies concluded that Canadians whose mother tongue is non-English or non-French are economically disadvantaged. Recent visible immigrants are typically disadvantaged. Their analysis also found significant disparities in health status and utilization depending on country of immigrant and language. The health status of recent Immigrants declines as their years of stay in Canada increase. This is because they hardly report for medical checkups, due to the fear discriminati on, prejudice and low household incomes. Perceptions of Discrimination and Prejudice: A Barrier to Social Cohesion Ethnic and racial inequality might be less decisive if it is as a result of circumstances amicable to the visible minority, such as status of new immigrants, language differences, or academic and technical training not compliant with Canadian requirements. In other words inequality would not be a threat to social cohesion if it is viewed as legitimate. The feeling of discrimination, prejudice and racism is another issue all together (Reitz and Banerjee 2007:8). A 2002 Ethnic Diversity Survey, which sought to get views of individual experiences of ethnic and racial discrimination, showed that 35.9% of all the respondents consisting visible minorities reported cases of discrimination and prejudice compared with 10.6% of all Whites who responded to the Survey, of the visible minorities, blacks recorded the highest rate at 49.6%. (20007: 8:9). The Visible minorities also reported incidences of perceived discrimination of their ethnic group. Despite improving economic status of immigrants as they cope up with Canadian environment and society an ethnic divide in perceptions of racial discrimination is eminent among immigrants with longer stay and experience in Canada (2007:9), this is even more persistence among children. Cases of non-recognition of immigrant qualifications also abound, despite in some cases being equivalent to those of native Canadians. Failure to recognize foreign qualifications and experience are some of the barriers that visible minorities come across as they seek employment. Racial discrimination is viewed with skepticism in Canada, but the mutual covenant is that it exists and cannot be ignored. It is true that one of the effects of racial discrimination of minorities is its impact on the social cohesion of the Canadian society. Social cohesion generally means the capacity of a society to formulate, implement and adhere to policies that guide it. Lack of it may lead to conflicts and civil disorders as it happened in France and the United Kingdom. Other effects may be failure of a group to participate in making decisions and sometimes withdrawing its support for certain decisions or societal policies. Integrating ethnic minorities is an important issue in Canada. Social integration and social cohesion are mutually exclusive and cannot be separated. Proper social integration of minority ethnic groups in Canada is a sine qua non for a peaceful and prosperous society that is viewed by its occupants as a means to the achievement of their needs. This will strengthen the Canadian society; raise the spirit of inclusiveness, civic and voluntary participation in activities concerning human life. Conclusion Inequality is a social evil; no society is a friend to it. The above revelations reveal that forms of inequality based on ethnic considerations exist in Canada irregardless of how minute they are. This is a big concern to racial minorities. It is not only a challenge to the racial group that experience it, but also to the whole Canadian society in terms of forging a peaceful and an all inclusive society acceptable to all. The process of socially integrating ethnic minorities into Canadian society is often slower than that of European immigrants. This is often associated with their feeling of exclusion and perceived discrimination. Of emphasis is that economic integration should match social integration, none should supersede the other. Existing Canadian policies and legal structures are laudable against racial discrimination and economic inequality. This is possibly due to international conventions and pressure to eliminate global racism and ethnicity, but it is not clear whether they are sufficient in addressing the issues that affect minority ethnic groups in Canada. However may consent is that ethnic prejudice and discrimination is a social construction that can only be changed by the subconscious minds of individuals-the way we think and see others. We should all join hands and fight ethnic inequality. We should judge others by their competence and content of their minds rather than the pigmentation of their skin. There shall be no solution to this race problem until, you yourselves, strike the blow for liberty-Marcus Garvey

Devil In The White City Essay -- Literary Analysis, Erik Larson

Erik Larson’s book Devil in the White City is full of magic and madness that has shaped the society of the late 19th century that is specific to in Chicago. The issues that have been handled through this time frame that are addressed in this book is that how Chicago was known to be the black city at first, and how the city hoped that hosting the World’s fair would increase their reputation. Secondly, the magic of a man named Daniel Burnham that did put the plans of the world fair in Chicago into life and the obstacles that he had overcame. Next, once the world fair was complete, it has made Chicago â€Å"The White city,† by its dazzling designs and attractions that made it memorable. Then, the madness of H.H. Holmes and how his evil deeds has seemed to undermine the world fair and the things that are going on within it with his murders and treachery that does grip Chicago once his evil deeds have been found out. Finally, the events that happened in the world fai r that relate to the issues that occur in the late ninetieth century within the United States. The city of Chicago was in a desolate condition before it hosted the World Fair. The city of Chicago was nicknamed â€Å"The Black City,† (P.11) before they had hosted the 1893 fair that had brought the city into life. Chicago was a city that was ridden with much crime and death to the point where young women could have been tempted to fall under the dangers of this city. Death was more commonplace then Chicago then other cities at that time because of murders that were so frequent in this city. The author does point out that â€Å"You can step from a curb and be killed by the Chicago Limited† (P.12). That fact even struck fear into the people who were visiting Chicago just to have fun or eve... ...gic of Chicago, but also the darkening madness of H.H. Holmes. This analysis of the book covers the city of Chicago being â€Å"the Black City,† before it hosted the World’s fair. Secondly, the glorious magic of Daniel Burnham did make this fair possible who all of his men that he worked with. Next, the city of Chicago when the fair was going on was a grand sight that people around the world would remember in history. Also, the unfortunate sight of the crimes and evil intention of H.H. Holmes had committed, that does put a black eye upon the fair. Finally, The Fair and how it has related to the historical trends of nineteenth century America. The Devil in the White City is an important novel that does tell of a great historical fair and a crime that has happened within the city of Chicago, the events there during that time period would be an important part in history.

Rip Van Winkle and its Impact on Society :: Rip Van Winkle Essays

Rip Van Winkle and its Impact on Society Events, no matter how small can change a society, a culture, and an outlook in the blink of an eye. Whether it is in a war, a speech, a gesture, or even a novel. Washington Irving made an incredible impact from his short story "Rip Van Winkle", drawing the events surrounding him to form a simple story with deep meaning. To bring to a pinpoint, the story shaped the American culture as the American culture shaped the story. Washington should not be able to take full credit for his story. Rip Van Winkle originated from the Dutch folklores. The story was found in the house of Diedrich Knickerbocker. Although there was some speculation on the accuracy of the tale, historians agree that the story is "now admitted into all Historical collections as a book of unquestionable authority" (Irving, 1353). Knickerbocker claims that he actually talked to Winkle himself and concluded that Rip was in sound mind and that "the story therefore, is beyond the possibility of doubt" (1353). The Catskills are a parallel to the story. Filled with Indian folklores, the Catskills are believed to posses a Manitou or spirit that will take the form of the flesh of human or animal form that would strive to rid the area of bad or mischievous elements or people. Combing the Dutch folklore, the Indian tales, and the idea of using short simple stories to make a point, Washington created a whole new dimension of literature. The British culture concluded that his story had become the new "American" literature. Washington analysis of the relationship between the British and the colonists caused a minor stir among people. First, it was unconventional to even mention the revolution since it was such a touchy subject. Secondly, Washington made quite a statement with his notion that the British rule acted selfishly and oppressive, in turn, portrayed America as the hero. From this folklore, others have grown from it. Some believe that Rip in fact did not fall asleep, but took adventurous journeys in foreign lands with strange people. Art and child-like fantasies have been the median to which the stories have been communicated.

Technologies Not Only Influence but Actually Determine

The advance of technologies is attributed to the further and deeper perception that humans rationally and logically explore the nature. Such advancement leads to the change of social customs and ethics that used to be accord with the former human understanding; after all social customs and ethics, by nature, are changeable. However, whether the influence of technologies over social customs and ethics are determining is still a question worth pondering and arguing. Since human stared using tools to create things, technology has been penetrating into almost every aspect of people’s daily lives. In the contemporary world, with respect to technologies, computing technologies quickly come to mind. As a professor once said, I quote: â€Å"Electronic computation is the first to significantly amplify our mental abilities and furnish radical insights into the complexities and inner workings of our world. It is not just the ability to collect, store and process data on a massive scale, or even communication, but the opening of our minds to new and often hidden possibilities—that is real power. There is no denying that the growth and spread of computing technology have been significant things that we witness and indeed experience personally. Cell phones, for example, have been through from rarity to ubiquity. They change lives without people’s notice. For instance, billions of people enjoy digital messages from phone to phone, yet it never occurs to people to think of the microprocessors and computer power required behind just a message. Nevertheless, texting has already become a part of our daily life and expanded another of way daily communication. Moreover, it renders long-distance calling much easier and more convenient. Lives are replete with hundreds of technologies. Despite technologies do have influence over social customs and ethics, it is, however, unjustifiable to say that social customs and ethics are determined by technologies, because the impact of influence is much less forced than that of determination. From time immemorial, society has been a system that is organized with social norms and ethical standards followed by all people who live in, and these traditions that are deeply rooted in people’s mind and heart have been passed down from generation to generation in culture. For instance, Chinese people value lunar calendar a lot and celebrate many traditional festivals by lunar calendar, and one of the most well-known festivals is Chinese New Year. When it comes to the Spring Festival, Chinese people significantly weigh the festival than other festivals, and the traditions of Spring Festival dating back to the old times are still preserved by people in modern times, such as making dumplings, and clipping paper cutting etcetera. Technologies bring us convenience that any of those can be reached anytime and that we do not have to make them ourselves for lack of time, but technologies can never be influential and powerful to the extent that people stop celebrating this festival. Chinese people would consistently maintain these festival traditions annually from generation to generation instead of letting them be determined by technologies. To sum up, technology advances as humans’ understanding about nature goes deeper and further. It does have influence over social customs and ethics undoubtedly. It is, however, not able to supersede cultural traditions in people’s lives, because social customs and ethics bring us the sense of belonging and security, while technologies just give us ease and satisfy our curiosity which just comes from people’s evolving perception towards nature.

Business memo for “I Won’t Hire People Who Use Poor Grammar. Here’s Way,” Essay

After reading Kyle Wiens’ recent article, â€Å"I Won’t Hire People Who Use Poor Grammar. Here’s Way,† in July, 2012 issue of Harvard Business Review, I would like to make some recommendations about whether or not to add grammar testing to ABC Company’s hiring practice to improve ABC Company’s hiring standards. In Kyle’ article, he writes people who make grammar mistakes â€Å"deserve to be passed over for a job† and he puts a mandatory grammar test in hiring process. To better assess a grammar test to be a must in hiring people, Kyle emphasized the importance of grammar by giving the following reasons: 1. Grammar is relevant in all companies, not only limited to writing companies. 2. Grammar signifies people’s business sense 3. Grammar reflects one’s attention to details From the reasons showed by Kyle, grammar is really important in business. Not only does it leave the first impression of a company on the mass, but also it shows an employee’s sense to details. With the development of modern society, the competition among companies is more and more fierce. One detail could help a company to differentiate from others and make profits. To adapt to the intense competition, companies needs to recruit those who are qualified in skills and in details. The current hiring practice in ABC Company is limited in identifying person’s character on details. Grammar testing could be a litmus test that helps justify whether a person is detail-oriented to be qualified for the job. As Kyle mentions, â€Å"†¦details are everything†, I would recommend the ABC Company  to add grammar testing in hiring practices to better hiring more both skill-qualified and detailed-oriented people.

J&K Outfitters Ltd. Essay

The organization I am going to talk about is J&K Outfitters Ltd. I will be explaining the advantages and the disadvantages of using ratio analyse within the business, by the help of using the ratio analyse it will show the financial performance of the business as it can help the investors to gain the inside health of the company. Each ratio within the business plays a different prospective e.g. The stock turnover ratio shows you how quickly a company sells and replaces the stocks which are the goods and materials that a business holds for the purpose of resale. The advantage of using this stock turnover ratio will help the investors to make a decision on rather to invest in this business or no because it will show the health of the company. The other type of ratio I am going to talk about is the current ratio which provides the business amount of assets compared to its liabilities which shows the business ability to pay its debts. With the help of this ratio the investors get the idea of will they get their money back if they will invest in that business. On the other side ratio fails to address the potential of the company as they only offer inside to the business present situation as it won’t give the future prediction of the business. For example, if the company is about to merge and acquire large amount of capital the ratio will not reveal these new changes therefore ratios cannot be the only measurements investors use to assess companies value, because this numbers do not reveal other key information such as industry changes and economy forces. Another disadvantage I am going to talk about of using ratio is that some ratio might indicate the company is performing well while other indicates financial issues therefore investors need to assess multiple ratios to get the picture of the business stability which can help them to come to a conclusion rather to invest or not within that business. Ratios are beneficial to some parties however not to the other, such as a bank might not consider giving a help or interest to the companies’ book to market ratio however, the financial investors will evaluate its level of depth ratio to see if the company is worth of a loan.

Comparing the US Constitution to the 1918

In 1918, while the rest of Europe was still engaged in World War I, a newly formed communist government was developing in Russia. Much like 18th century Americans, they had just managed to overthrow what was viewed as a tyrannical government and hoped to form a new nation free of the injustices of the previous rule. Both countries wrote a new constitution as well as a declaration of rights to facilitate this, but their respective documents had vast differences. These disparities stemmed from differences in the ideologies of the new governments. The primary objectives of the Russian Declaration of Rights of the Working and Exploited People and the later constitution were the â€Å"abolition of all exploitation of man by man, complete elimination of the division of society into classes, merciless suppression of the exploiters, socialist organization of society, and victory of socialism in all countries. † Americans wanted equality of opportunity and personal freedom instead of the social equality desired by the Russians. The American constitution and Bill of Rights were created to protect personal liberties and individual freedom while the Russians were more concerned with the welfare and equality of the population as a whole. This difference is partially due to the differences in the conditions leading to revolution in each country. The American Revolution was initiated by the wealthy in response to what they considered unfair treatment by a foreign ruler while the Russian revolution was instigated by the poor in reaction to centuries of oppression and exploitation by the wealthy within their own country. In the years leading up to World War I, social unrest among the Russian people was spreading rapidly. There was a huge social gulf between the peasants who were former serfs and the landowners. The peasants regarded anyone who did not work as a parasite. They had always regarded as all land belonging to them. They regarded any land retained by the landowners at the time serfs were freed as stolen and only force could prevent them from taking it back. By the time Russia entered the war, one peasant rebellion had already been suppressed and several socialist revolutionary movements were developing. In February of 1917 a group of female factory workers and led a revolt in which the Tsar was dethroned, only to be replaced by a provisionary government composed of the Russian elite. When this government did not live up to its promises of an end to Russian involvement in World War I, the Bolsheviks (â€Å"majority†), a revolutionary movement led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the provisionary government in what bacame known as the October revolution. Upon seizing control, they immediately withdrew from the war and began constructing the world†s first ever communist government. One of the new government†s first acts was to write the Declaration of Rights of the Working and Exploited People. On July 10, 1918 the 5th Soviet Congress approved a constitution that, together with the Declaration of Rights, formed â€Å"the single fundamental law of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic†. Unlike the American Bill of Rights, the Declaration of Rights of the Working and Exploited People seems to have been meant to apply to all of mankind eventually, as is shown in Article 4: Expressing firm determination to wrest mankind from the clutches of finance capital and imperialism, which have in this most criminal of wars drenched the world in blood, the Third Congress of Soviets unreservedly endorses Soviet policy of denouncing the secret treaties, organizing most extensive fraternization with the workers and peasants of the combatant armies and achieving at all costs by revolutionary means a democratic peace for the working people, without annexations of indemnities, on the basis of free self-determination of nations. Their commitment to self-determination of nations was at least partially valid in that they gave Finland complete autonomy and withdrew their troops from Persia, but this may have resulted more from a lack of resources than altruism. Limited self-determination for the nations within the R. S. F. S. R. was also provided for in that the federal government was to be confined to â€Å"promulgating the fundamental principles of a federation of Soviet republics of Russia† while leaving the citizens of each region free to decide â€Å"whether they wish to participate in the federal government†¦ nd on what terms. † Several other liberties were provided for in the Russian constitution, many of which appear remarkably similar to freedoms provided for in the American Bill of Rights. Article 14 provided for freedom of expression, while Article 15 ensured â€Å"genuine freedom of assembly† and Article 13 guaranteed a separation of church and state as well as freedom of religious and anti-religious propaganda. All of these seem similar to the First Amendment of the U. S. onstitution, but they even went farther. Article 14 not only provided for freedom of press, but even promised every citizen access to â€Å"all the technical and material requisites for the publication of newspapers, pamphlets, books and all other printed material† as well as promising â€Å"their unhindered circulation throughout the country. † Article 15, besides guarantying freedom of assembly, promised to provide heated, lighted and furnished buildings for their gatherings. All things come at a price however, and all of these gifts from the government came at the price of true freedom of expression and assembly, as illustrated by Article 23: â€Å"Guided by the interests of the working class as a whole, the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic deprives individuals and groups of rights which they utilize to the detriment of the socialist revolution. † In America, where distrust of the government is common, this passage would have been viewed as tyrannical and would not have been allowed in the constitution. The legislative powers of both the United States and Russia were given to a congress of elected officials. In the United States this is further divided into two houses of more or less equal power. In Russia, the All-Russia Congress of Soviets met only twice a year except in emergencies. During the rest of the year a smaller group called the All-Russia Executive Committee took on the responsibilities of the All-Russia Congress of Soviets. This group was chosen from the congress and remained accountable to it for all its actions. For decisions of major political importance they were required to check with the Congress before taking action. Unlike the United States congress however, both of the Russian bodies also had some degree of executive power, though most executive power was relegated to the Council of People†s Commissars. This council was created to exercise â€Å"general management of the affairs of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. † This branch is given slightly more power than its American equivalent. In order to fulfill its responsibilities, the Council is given the freedom to take â€Å"what measures are necessary to ensure the proper course of life of the State. This may seem like limitless power, but they were also required to immediately notify the All-Russia Central Executive Committee of any orders or decisions it made. The Council of People†s Commissars was divided into 18 Commissariats: Foreign Affairs, Military Affairs, Maritime Affairs, Interior, Justice, Labor, Social Security, Public Education, Post and Telegraph, Nationalities Affairs, Finance, Transport, Agriculture, Trade and Industry, Food Supply, State Control, the Supreme Economic Council, and Public Health. Each division consisted of the Commissar and a small number of advisors. The All-Russia Executive Committee appointed the Commissars who then appoint advisors to their board. The appointments then had to be approved by the Executive Committee. In this way a system of checks and balances somewhat similar to the American system was put into effect.

Drug policies in Saudi Arabia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Drug policies in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example It is also assumed that the situation related to the drug abuse in Saudi Arabia is still not at such an alarming level, it means that the drug related situation can be controlled and the country can be lead to a safer side. But apart from this some drug related problems are there which should be managed in order to make the country safer and secure. Some reports mentioned that there was a rising abuse of the drugs named as heroin as well as cocaine. The use of these drugs are no doubt increasing day by day and making many problems for the country, people due to many problems and due to many reasons are going towards a wrong direction and are being addicted to wrong things and means. Due to many reasons like family problems, routine stress, office based problems, employment problems and many other of problems people usually go in a wrong direction and thus ruin their lives. As mentioned above that around 36% to 37% people got admitted every year, out of this percentage majority are th e students or the young people who by following wrong means and ways ruin their lives and thus get addicted to drugs and in the end they have no other option to live. People after being addicted to drugs usually think that life is only to have drugs and to ruin our life; this is not a correct or the right way to think. People should try to think than what so ever they are doing is not a correct way and they should not ruin their lives. Young people usually get addicted to drugs and there is an increasing ratio which shows that young people, college people and the university people are those who are going to these activities and are also making their life worse and worse. As mentioned above there are many reasons due to which people get addicted to the drugs. These problems should be resolve in order to make each and every life better and better so that every one can live easily with full zeal and zest and can also make their life

Book Report - Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Book Report - Night by Elie Wiesel - Essay Example Through Eliezer, he relates his story although there were minor differences. Example, Wiesel was wounded on his knee and Eliezer was wounded on his foot. He created these slight variations to establish a distinction between him and his character. But Wiesel and Eliezer are the same persons. They share the same experiences, they share the same perspective, they share the same feelings. And because they have too many things in common, Wiesel could be lost in developing his narrative. This does not make Night a fiction story. Wiesel only made things a little bit different because it was too much memory to bear. There was a personal need to change certain things so he can continue with his narrative as truthful as it can be. As you would notice, the differences do not impact the experiences of the character. Whatever he felt during his experience, it was the same feeling that Wiesel felt at that moment he experienced it. Wiesel’s experience had left a mark on him. Although it did not completely destroy him, it changed him significantly. Who wouldn’t, when he had experienced the cruelty that man inflicted towards his fellow men. That was the essence of the last statement of the narrative. By the end of the story, Eliezer was a changed man. As Wiesel created a division between him and his main character by giving Eliezer slightly different experiences, Eliezer created a barrier between him and himself. He felt he was a different person as he looks at himself in the mirror. Although he sees himself, he feels that his reflection is staring at himself, that his eyes have their own life, gravely emphasizing the emptiness that he was feeling at that moment. Eliezer is a dynamic character. He changes with time within the story. This is significant as the narrative focuses on relating Wiesel’s experiences. The narrative is concentrated in telling Eliezer’s experiences through his own eyes. Whatever opinions there are, whatever tho ughts there are in the story, it was his and only his. You would not hear or see things beyond his thoughts. You would not read about Chlomo’s thoughts about his son. You would not find anything about Moshe’s experiences when he was caught by the Nazis. You would only observe and look into Eliezer’s thoughts and emotions. Eliezer’s relationship with his father was a significant point in the story. It became his stronghold, the reason for living through the dreadful torture and persecution of the Nazi era. During his childhood, he found the Jewish religion because of his curiosity. Moshe the Beadle was the one who guided him and taught him what Jewish religion is. When Hitler seized control of Romania, Eliezer found himself in the middle of a discriminating world. That’s when he started to get confused. He was not deeply affected when he heard Moshe’s stories about the cruelty done to the Jews. But when he saw it with his own eyes, his faith started to shake. He did not expect that world to exist and â€Å"never shall (he) forget those moments which murdered (his) God and (his) soul and turned (his) dreams into dust.† At â€Å"the first night in the camp†¦the little faces of children, whose bodies†¦turned into wreaths of smoke†¦(the) flames consumed (his) faith forever.† He did not expect that this could happen and everything that he learned in his Jewish faith was turned upside down. When he heard the question, â€Å"Where is God? Where is He,† his answer that â€Å"He is hanging here on this gallows† indicated that his faith is slowly dying, like the man who was slowly dying in front of him. Before this experience, he felt that the question â€Å"where is God† is a strange question to ask, that it is similar to asking, â€Å"why did (he) live(s) and why did (he) breathe.†

Critique of a nursing theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critique of a nursing theory - Essay Example 19) to a situation where one requires assistance with the end goal of preserving and attaining a specified "health and wellness" (Johnson & Bayliss, 2005, p. 19). Given this definition, it follows that there exist theories on how such knowledge, skills, values, meanings, and experiences should be applied to a given situation. In this vein, there would also be theories on how these factors should be gained and learned. As one of the most celebrated nurses of all time and as the person who singlehandedly popularized nurse training, which eventually led to the establishment of nursing as a new profession for women (Attewell, 1998, p. 151), Florence Nightingale and her early theories on nursing are both fascinating. Hence, I have decided to write a critique on the Florence Nightingale's Environmental Model. The environmental model, it is clear that it was a product of Florence Nightingale's meticulous observation of her career as a nurse and that of others as evidence by the Notes on Nursing (1860) she compiled. This model, together with the notes, is enough proof that the Nightingale of her uniqueness in her time. Though borne by wealthy parents, she was different. According to Mary Garofalo and Elizabeth Fee (2010), She wanted a higher calling; she wanted to work; to use her intellect, her skills, her moral passion; and to make a difference in the world. She refused to be a subordinate to a husband; she was bored with the trivial lives that upper class women led; she had her destiny to fulfill. She told her parents that she wanted to be a nurse. (p. 1588). In spite of the reactions of her parents, she persisted. She wrote that her parents were horrified. "It was as if I had said I wanted to be a kitchen-maid" (Garofalo & Fee, 2010, p. 1588). Instead of submitting to the will of her parents, she persevered and after 9 years of struggling with them, she was eventually was allowed to train. This characteristic is just one of the many that I admire in Florence Nightingale. While I was researching for this paper, I thought to myself that if I only have an ounce of her determination, then I would achieve my dreams and goals easily. The environmental model maintains that the "manipulation of physical and social factors" (Johnson & Bayliss, 2005, p. 121) can significantly affect the state of health of an individual and the probability that such individual will eventually acquire an illness. The intent of the theory therefore is to emphasize that health and wellness can be adversely affected by how one's environment is managed or mismanaged. As Johnson and Bayliss (2005) themselves admit, though this theory was developed by the Nightingale more than 150 years ago, it is still relevant and as a matter of fact has created the standard for the prevention of illnesses and the restoration of health and wellness (p. 121). Specifically, she identified several factors that are present in a patient's environment and which have large impact on health and illness. These are pure or fresh air, pure water, sufficient food supplies, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light (e.g., direct sunlight). What is interesting is that even not knowing these factors and without any knowledge of the environmental m

Educational Web Portal's Use in the Study of Environmental Sciences Essay

Educational Web Portal's Use in the Study of Environmental Sciences - Essay Example While environmental science has gained a lot of attention of people in general and the educationalists in particular in the advanced economies, it remains a relatively neglected area of education in the third world countries primarily because there are several issues of much greater importance like poverty, hunger, violence, and terrorism that need to be solved before the people can pay attention towards the environment. Reduced emphasis of the government and the people in power on environmental sciences as an area of research and education restrains people’s access to the potential sources of information related to environmental sciences in the third world countries. In such circumstances, there is dire need of an online network that encapsulates all the required information about environmental sciences and one that is constantly upgraded and updated to make the latest findings and knowledge generated from the ongoing research and surveys in the advanced countries accessible to the interested learners in the third world countries. An educational web portal is a very effective tool to inculcate knowledge about the environmental science. People can connect with one another to form a learning community using the educational web portals. ... Educational web portals host research, lesson plans, and online course work, provides parents with a means to access the grades, monitor student outcomes, and satisfy the reporting standards established by the state. Educational web portals develop a common gateway to all the services and data that people need to share knowledge and jointly work on the environmental science projects. Educational web portals can be developed using such basic technologies as Windows Server and Microsoft Office SharePoint Server. Rapid availability of these technologies and expertise in their use extends the investment’s value in the Microsoft technologies. Educational web portals help the people achieve different kinds of goals and tasks that include but are not limited to the development of online communities for collaboration among the learners, administrators and the subject experts. â€Å"Portals, when properly designed, increase both effectiveness and efficiency of an institution†¦[an d] can be used as an effective communication tool† (Popovic et al., 2005, p. 322). People can use the educational web portals to improve the sharing of best practices in the industry among the members of the community. Users of the educational web portals can access the institution’s resources whenever required. The online document libraries available on the educational web portals are constantly updated with latest research findings and important documents like conference proceedings. When educational web portals are implemented in schools, it provides several kinds of services including lunch ordering, and online class registration. Educational web portals use dashboards to display updated performance data of the students. Students can share information with the community members, school

Genetics exam question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Genetics exam question - Essay Example y through the increased potential for arrest and conviction of criminal elements, critics contend that the system opens the door for a big brother type of abuse. Though the system may result in an increase in the conviction rate, the personal nature of DNA information should be subject to the same standards as medical history and should not be warehoused in a central government location. There is little public disagreement as to the value of DNA when prosecuting a criminal who may be responsible for a child abduction or rape. According to the government, "The national DNA database is a key police intelligence tool that helps to quickly identify offenders, make earlier arrests, secure more convictions, and provide critical investigative leads for police investigations" (The national DNA database 2007). However, as more people are entered into the database cross contamination of samples could make the information acquired unmanageable. In the case of property crimes, anyone who had been minimally in contact with the crime scene in the recent past could be considered a suspect (Linacre 2003, p.1841). This could potentially involve all of a stores recent customers if there was a break in or a robbery. While it may help to place the perpetrator on a list of suspects, it would also incriminate a large number of innocent bystanders. Though the current requirements for collecting samples is restricted to those people that have been implicated in a crime, the protections are being compromised by law enforcement practices. During a recent investigation into a sexual assault in South London, the police department wrote a letter to the local population requesting voluntary DNA samples. However, the voluntary aspect was framed in a coercive effort. The letter said in part, "Consider that the suspect is likely to refuse to provide a voluntary sample; catching him will be far easier if he is the only one" (cited in Lettice 2005). Innocent citizens may feel pressured into

Evaluate Porter's concept of the 'diamond' as a tool for analysing the Essay

Evaluate Porter's concept of the 'diamond' as a tool for analysing the competitive advantage of nations, assessing its the - Essay Example Nations have competed for resources or to establish their supremacy over others. Historical evidence for this can be traced to the age old rivalry of England and Scotland to the present day rivalry between USA and the Soviet Union in the cold war. However in the present context nations are fighting over the aspect of economic power which is the backbone for success to a nation. An economic might implies a strong nation with enough resources to sustain its population or to maintain a strong military power. The case of United States of America is a classic example in this regard. The nation has the unique status of being the sole economic and military superpower of the world. There have been numerous theories to suggest as to what may be the possible reasons for such supremacy. It has been widely stated that the prosperity of a nation is built and generated over a period of time rather than being acquired. Michel Porter (1990) also stated that the prosperity and success of a nation is not created by virtue of its physical resources which are a far critique from the laws of economics. Alternatively it has been argued that the competitive advantage and prosperity of a nation in the modern world depends on the ability of the nation to constantly develop and create new ideas which are distinct from the others (Porter, 1990, p.73). The case of Japan is a classic example in this regard, as it has emerged as one of the world’s mort prosperous and successful nations without having access to key resources. A deeper analysis into the success story of Japan reveals the innovativeness of its business organizations to deliver more value to the products. This value results in creating economic value and goodwill. Numerous examples of innovation can be traced to the nation including success story of organizations like Honda, Toyota and Sony which have created a competitive advantage and have carved a niche for themselves as well as the nation of their origin. Innovativen ess of the nation is also reflected from the fact that successful management techniques like Kaizen which have become the standards for present day business organizations (Ankli, n.d., p.233). The present study would analyse the competitive advantage of China in its pursuit of being and economic and military superpower. The choice of the nation assumes significance considering the fact that it is the fastest growing economy of the world. The growth of this nation has largely been attributed to the skill set of its large labour force which offers a supply of cheap labour. The nation has emerged as a hub for manufacturing with almost every major organization having its manufacturing facility in the nation. Another important aspect apart from the labour force is that of government policies. The liberalisation policy of the nation along with the unique application of the aspect of Special Economic Zones has transformed the nation into the fastest growing economy of the world having an a nnual GDP growth of approximately 8.7 percent as of 2009 which is being valued at approximately 4.814 trillion US dollars as of 2009 (US Department of State, 2010). The following sections would try to analyse the competitiveness of the nation on the basis of the Diamond model proposed by Porter as well as a comparative analysis with other